Impact of Sodium Thiosulfate on Prevention of Nephrotoxicities in HIPEC: An Ancillary Evaluation of Cisplatin-Induced Toxicities in Ovarian Cancer

Purpose Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with cisplatin confers a survival benefit in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) but is associated with renal toxicity. Sodium thiosulfate (ST) is used for nephroprotection for HIPEC with cisplatin, but standard HIPEC practices vary. Methods A prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial evaluated safety outcomes of HIPEC with cisplatin 75 mg/m 2 during cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in patients with EOC ( n = 34) and endometrial cancer ( n = 6). Twenty-one patients received no ST (nST), and 19 received ST. Adverse events (AEs) were reported according to CTCAE v.5.0. Serum creatinine (Cr) was collected preoperatively and postoperatively (Days 5–8). Progression-free survival (PFS) was followed. Normal peritoneum was biopsied before and after HIPEC for whole transcriptomic sequencing to identify RNAseq signatures correlating with AEs. Results Forty patients had HIPEC at the time of interval or secondary CRS. Renal toxicities in the nST group were 33% any grade AE and 9% grade 3 AEs. The ST group demonstrated no renal AEs. Median postoperative Cr in the nST group was 1.1 mg/dL and 0.5 mg/dL in the ST group ( p = 0.0001). Median change in Cr from preoperative to postoperative levels were + 53% (nST) compared with − 9.6% (ST) ( p = 0.003). PFS did not differ between the ST and nST groups in primary or recurrent EOC patients. Renal AEs were associated with downregulation of metabolic pathways and upregulation of immune pathways. Conclusions ST significantly reduces acute renal toxicity associated with HIPEC with cisplatin in ovarian cancer patients. As nephrotoxicity is high in HIPEC with cisplatin, nephroprotective agents should be considered.