Impact of aliovalent ions doping on structural and electrical characteristics of YMnO 3 ceramic

The extraordinary physical characteristics and enormous potential for technological applications of multiferroic materials have sparked recent interest in these materials. In this work, the composition of aliovalent ions Ba 2+ /Ti 4+ doped YMnO 3 i.e., Y 0.95 Ba 0.05 Mn 0.95 Ti 0.05 O 3 ceramic sample was prepared through the solid-state method. The structural, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of the prepared sample were studied in detail. X-ray diffraction patterns unveil the hexagonal crystal structure of the ceramic owning P6 3 cm space group symmetry, which is also authenticated by accomplishing Rietveld’s refinement of the sample. Nevertheless, the ceramic demonstrated the emergence of the orthorhombic peak. The formation of phase composition of the prepared sample was proved through FT-IR spectroscopic measurement. The Raman spectroscopy analysis of the sample reveals the presence of subtle vibrational modes. The investigation of the dielectric and electrical properties of the prepared sample at frequencies between 1 kHz and 1 MHz and temperatures spanning from 303 to 623 K has yielded significant outcomes. These outcomes include dielectric dispersion, conduction mechanism, and relaxation process of the samples, which are highlighted in this study. The ferroelectric behaviour of the prepared sample has been studied using PE hysteresis loop measurement.