Liquefied Natural Gas Regasification Terminals: Life Cycle Assessment/Carbon Footprint Tool and Proposal for Decarbonization Solutions

As the world contemplates a more sustainable future, energy systems and value chains’ decarbonization has been thrown into the spotlight. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is considered the cleanest fossil fuel, but Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions are produced during its value chain. For an advanced engineering platform in the oil and gas sector that plays a leading role in the new global low-carbon energy and industrial ecosystem, there is a need to strengthen this role by developing a methodology, a database, and an explicit tool that guides their approach when tendering or designing and building LNG regasification terminal projects. This tool will be developed based on regulations and standards related to GHG emissions, which are the Kyoto Protocol and ISO 14067 standards, respectively. Therefore, the objective of this work is to carry out a lifecycle analysis in order to estimate the carbon footprint of a typical LNG regasification terminal, based on which a list of decarbonization solutions would be proposed and analyzed considering the major’s emissive items, to determine their effect on the terminal’s Capital Expenses (CAPEX) and Operating Expenses (OPEX).