An optimization of round reinforced concrete columns subject to multiple loads using an artificial neural network (ANN)

Design optimizations of round reinforced concrete columns based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been investigated in previous studies with only one pair of axial load (${P_u}$Pu) and bending moment (${M_u}$Mu). In this study, ANNs are generalized to be applicable to multiple load pairs by reshaping weight matrices of ANNs to prevent retraining of ANNs on the large datasets. Generalized ANN-based Lagrange optimizations are proposed for structural designs of round reinforced concrete columns with multiple load combinations. The present study modularizes the weight matrix of ANNs which considers one load pair to completely capture multiple factored loads. An optimal design by ANNs based on the modularized weight matrix and Lagrange optimization techniques using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions was performed and validated with large datasets. Design examples performed by an ANN-based method and structural mechanics demonstrate accuracies of safety factors (SF) as small as 1% - 2%, which confirms the applicability of the proposed ANNs. Based on the present study, ANNs with modularized weight matrices aid engineers in optimizing round reinforced concrete columns subject to multiple loads.