Genera of Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera): a review of the global fauna, with descriptions of new taxa

For the first time, genera of leaf mining Tischeriidae of the global fauna are reviewed and four new genera are described: Coptotrichoides Diskus & Stonis, gen. nov., trophically associated with Sapindaceae from Central and South America; Rytietia Diskus, Xu & Dai, gen. nov., trophically associated with Annonaceae from East and South East Asia; Pafazaria Diskus & Stonis, gen. nov., trophically associated with Fabaceae and Malvaceae from East and South East Asia; and Gnathitischeria Diskus, gen. nov., trophically associated with Malvaceae andAsteraceae from Central America. In addition to the descriptions ofnew genera, all previously described genera (Coptotriche Walsingham, 1890; Dishkeya Stonis, 2020; Tischeria Zeller, 1839; Manitischeria Diskus & Stonis, 2021; Neotischeria Diskus & Stonis, 2021; Paratischeria Diskus & Stonis, 2017; and Astrotischeria Puplesis & Diskus, 2003) are characterized and a pictorial identification key for all 11 genera is provided. Morphological and biological characteristics of all genera are supplemented with some molecular data. We described 12 new species: South East Asian Coptotriche sapaensis Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov.; Central American Coptotrichoides sapindoidum Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. and Tischeria neokristenseni Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov.; South East Asian Rytietia uncinata Diskus, Xu & Dai, sp. nov., East Asian R. chongyiensis Xu & Dai, sp. nov.; South East Asian Pafazaria capitata Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. and P. faboidica Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov.; Central American Neotischeria antigua Diskus & Remeikis, sp. nov. and N. subantigua Diskus & Remeikis, sp. nov.; South American Astrotischeria incae Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov.; and Central American Gnathitischeria atitlani Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. and G. arcana Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. The taxonomic rank of the East Asian subspecies Tischeria decidua siorkionla Kozlov, 1986 is elevated to species rank: T. siorkionla Kozlov (stat. nov.). The male genitalia of holotypes, paratypes, lectotypes or paralectotypes, or non-type specimens of some little-known species are examined for the first time. We provide the first morphological documentation for the following: Tischeria ceanothi lectotype and paralectotype; T. immaculata (stat.restored) paratype; Coptotrichoides deliquescens (Meyrick) lectotype and paralectotype; lectotypes of Coptotriche aenea (Frey & Boll), Astrotischeria plagifera (Meyrick), A. helianthi (Frey & Boll), and A. ephaptis (Meyrick); Coptotriche berberella (De Prins) paratype; and the first photographic documentation of Tischeria lvoskyi Kozlov holotype. Some non-type specimens deposited at NHMUK, including a few previously neglected species, are also examined and documented, including the American Astrotischeria solidagonifoliella (Clemens) and A. omissa (Braun). Nine new combinations are provided: Coptotrichoides deliquescens (Meyrick, 1915), comb. nov.; C. singularis (Stonis & Diskus) comb. nov.; C. suprafasciata (Diskus & Stonis) comb. nov., C. serjaniphaga (Remeikis & Stonis) comb. nov.; C. braziliensis (Diskus & Stonis) comb. nov.; Pafazariajingdongensis (Xu & Dai), comb. nov.; Neotischeria explosa (Braun) comb. nov.; N. pallidipennella (Braun) comb. nov.; and Astrotischeria heteroterae (Frey & Boll) comb. nov. The synonymization of Tischeria longeciliata Frey & Boll, 1878 with Astrotischeria helianthi (Frey & Boll, 1878) is confirmed. One new species group, the Tischeria ceanothi group, is established. We also report a new distribution record of T. dodonaea Stainton from the Caucasus, Armenia. Three tables and 569 figures of adult external morphology, male and female genitalia, leaf mines, and cladograms based on molecular characters are provided.