Efficient Conversion of Monosaccharides into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Using Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents

In this study, a quick, simple, greenmethodof converting carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was reported on. We synthesized 12 DESs for HMF conversion fromcarbohydrateswhichwere studied under different conditions. Under optimal conditions, oxalic acid and citric acidwith a choline chloride-based DES produced amaximumyield ofHMF at 59 +/- 2% and 62 +/- 3% in 5min at 120 degrees C, respectively. The efficiency of converting glucose toHMF in a short time (5min) at 140 degrees C using CrCl3 with a choline chloride-basedDESwas around 37 +/- 1%, whichwas higher than in previous work. This study demonstrates the significant potential of DESs as a combination for the continuous catalytic transformation of biomass in the synthesis of platform chemicals.