The Deviation Between the Field Measurement and ENVI-Met Outputs in Winter- A Cases Study in a Traditional Dwelling Settlement of Northern China

Numerical simulations have been used to accurately evaluate the external environment performance calculation process. ENVI-met has been used in studies simulating hot summer microclimates and energy costs. On November 27, 2019, the latest ENVI-met v4.4.4 has been released, which is the first version for outdoor microclimate forecasting in winter, so its accuracy is still up for discussion. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the latest version in predicting the thermal environment of courtyards and outdoor spaces of traditional residential settlements in the cold climate region of northern China by verifying the measured and simulated results. The conclusive results of this investigation indicate a close correspondence between the simulated and the measured data concerning the microclimate. Even NVI-met v4.4.4 will underestimate the actual weather conditions, it still can be a reliable tool for the prediction of winter temperatures in northern China. This finding holds substantial potential for fostering further research in related domains.