The clinical utility of circulating cell division control 42 in small-vessel coronary artery disease patients undergoing drug-coated balloon treatment
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders(2023)
Abstract
Background Cell division control 42 (CDC42) regulates atherosclerosis, blood lipids, and inflammation and thus affects coronary artery disease (CAD), but its utility in drug-coated balloon (DCB)-treated small-vessel CAD (SV-CAD) patients is unclear. This study intended to evaluate the change and prognostic role of CDC42 in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB. Methods Serum CDC42 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 211 SV-CAD patients underwent DCB at baseline, day (D) 1, D3, and D7, as well as in 50 healthy controls (HCs). Results CDC42 was decreased in SV-CAD patients compared to HCs ( P < 0.001), and it was negatively associated with total cholesterol ( P = 0.015), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P = 0.003), C-reactive protein ( P = 0.001), multivessel disease ( P = 0.020), and American college of cardiology/American heart association type B2/C lesions ( P = 0.039) in SV-CAD patients. Longitudinally, CDC42 decreased from baseline to D1 and then gradually increased to D7 ( P < 0.001) in SV-CAD patients after DCB. Interestingly, high CDC42 (cut-off value = 500 pg/mL) at baseline ( P = 0.047), D3 ( P = 0.046), and D7 ( P = 0.008) was associated with a lower accumulating target lesion failure (TLF) rate; high CDC42 at D3 ( P = 0.037) and D7 ( P = 0.041) was related to a lower accumulating major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rate in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB. Importantly, CDC42 at D7 (high vs. low) independently predicted lower accumulating TLF (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.145, P = 0.021) and MACE (HR = 0.295, P = 0.023) risks in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB. Conclusions Circulating CDC42 level relates to milder disease conditions and independently estimates lower risks of TLF and MACE in SV-CAD patients underwent DCB, but further validation is still needed.
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Key words
coronary artery disease,coronary artery disease patients,cell division control,circulating,balloon treatment,small-vessel,drug-coated
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