Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in 25 pregnant women diagnosed with new-onset acute myeloid leukemia during pregnancy

The aim was to analyze the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with new- onset acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosed during pregnancy. In this retrospective study 25 pregnant women who were diagnosed with new-onset AML during pregnancy from January 2010 to January 2021 were enrolled. A total of 4, 13 and 8 pregnant women with new-onset AML were diagnosed during the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Twelve of the 25 pregnant women underwent therapeutic abortion and 13 gave birth (9 preterm and 4 full-term newborns). The gestational age at initial clinical manifestations (13.4 ± 3.7 vs. 27.7 ± 5.6 weeks, P < 0.01) and diagnosis (16.9 ± 4.4 vs. 29.7 ± 5.5 weeks, P < 0.01) was lower in the pregnant women who underwent therapeutic abortion than in those who gave birth. Eighty-four percent (21/25) of the pregnant women with new-onset AML during pregnancy survived and were in remission and all the newborns were born alive. Three of the 13 newborns were exposed to chemotherapy, but no congenital malformations were observed. Eight newborns were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and all recovered. The complete blood counts and biochemical examinations of the 8 newborns were normal. New-onset AML during an earlier stage of pregnancy may increase the risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. The neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with new-onset AML during pregnancy are good with proper treatment.