The Impact of Trainee Involvement on Outcomes in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

Background The number of bariatric operations performed in the USA rises annually. Trainee exposure to this field is necessary to ensure competency in future surgical generations. However, the safety of trainee involvement of these operations has been called into question. Objectives The aim of our study is to describe differences in outcomes between trainees and non-trainees as first assistants (FA) in sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Setting The Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) database Methods Patients from the MBSAQIP database who underwent primary SG from 2015 to 2020 were identified. Statistical analysis included two-tailed t -tests and χ 2 -tests to evaluate the impact of trainees (residents and fellows) compared to non-trainees on post-operative morbidity and operative time. Results Of the 559,324 cases, 25.8% were performed with trainees as FA. Operative length was 27.9% longer in trainee cases. In the trainee group, there was a higher risk of conversion to open procedure (OR 1.32), readmission (OR 1.19), and specific complications (cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, progressive renal insufficiency, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, transfusion, intubation, UTI, VTE, ICU admission, and reintervention), though overall rates were < 1% in each group. Non-trainees had a higher rate of septic shock (OR 1.4). No significant difference was seen in all other perioperative outcomes. Conclusion Trainee involvement in SG leads to longer operative times without a clinically significant increase in morbidity and mortality. Such findings should be used to counsel patients and shape expectations for surgeons and hospitals. A focused bariatric surgery trainee curriculum may lessen this gap. Graphical Abstract