Measurement of Hyperfine Structure and the Zemach Radius in ^{6}Li^{+} Using Optical Ramsey Technique.

We investigate the 2^{3}S_{1}-2^{3}P_{J} (J=0, 1, 2) transitions in ^{6}Li^{+} using the optical Ramsey technique and achieve the most precise values of the hyperfine splittings of the 2^{3}S_{1} and 2^{3}P_{J} states, with smallest uncertainty of about 10 kHz. The present results reduce the uncertainties of previous experiments by a factor of 5 for the 2^{3}S_{1} state and a factor of 50 for the 2^{3}P_{J} states, and are in better agreement with theoretical values. Combining our measured hyperfine intervals of the 2^{3}S_{1} state with the latest quantum electrodynamic (QED) calculations, the improved Zemach radius of the ^{6}Li nucleus is determined to be 2.44(2) fm, with the uncertainty entirely due to the uncalculated QED effects of order mα^{7}. The result is in sharp disagreement with the value 3.71(16) fm determined from simple models of the nuclear charge and magnetization distribution. We call for a more definitive nuclear physics value of the ^{6}Li Zemach radius.