Hypertension, coronary artery disease and myocardial ischemic syndromes.

Hypertension represents a major contributor to the development of coronary artery disease. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the link between hypertension and CAD are complex and include overactivation of neurohormones, accelerated development of the atherosclerotic plaque, endothelial dysfunction, altered intramyocardial coronary circulation, hypertension-mediated cardiac and vascular damage and the relationship between arterial stiffness and coronary perfusion. Blood pressure (BP) reduction is associated with a significant decrease of the risk of coronary events. Therapeutic interventions targeted to reduce BP and to improve endothelial function and coronary microvascular dysfunction, as well as to prevent left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, contribute to reduce the burden of coronary disease and its acute ischemic manifestations.