A Carbon Hub Matrix Model Considering Carbon Emission Flow Loss of Energy Hub

As the core component of the integrated energy system (IES), the energy station (EH) plays a role in the conversion and distribution of various energy sources. The existing research on the EH internal carbon emission flow (CEF) has ignored the EH carbon flow loss. Based on constructing carbon flow models for different types of energy converters, a carbon hub model considering EH carbon flow loss is proposed for the first time, and its standard matrix form is given to describe the EH port carbon potential relationship and the internal CEF conversion and distribution process. Finally, an actual EH is selected for analysis, and the relationship and characteristics of the internal and external CEF of the EH under the consideration of carbon loss are given. In addition, two kinds of renewable energy, centralized photovoltaics (PV) and hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG), are introduced into the EH to compare with the initial case, to analyze the operation rules of carbon hubs in the scenario of renewable energy penetration.