Integrins and Actions of Androgen in Breast Cancer
CELLS(2023)
Abstract
Androgen has been shown to regulate male physiological activities and cancer proliferation. It is used to antagonize estrogen-induced proliferative effects in breast cancer cells. However, evidence indicates that androgen can stimulate cancer cell growth in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells via different types of receptors and different mechanisms. Androgen-induced cancer growth and metastasis link with different types of integrins. Integrin alpha v beta 3 is predominantly expressed and activated in cancer cells and rapidly dividing endothelial cells. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) also plays a vital role in cancer growth. The part of integrins in action with androgen in cancer cells is not fully mechanically understood. To clarify the interactions between androgen and integrin alpha v beta 3, we carried out molecular modeling to explain the potential interactions of androgen with integrin alpha v beta 3. The androgen-regulated mechanisms on PD-L1 and its effects were also addressed.
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Key words
breast cancer,androgen,androgen receptor,integrin alpha v beta 3,PD-L
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