An integrated approach for soluble and insoluble pollutants: Surface performance regulation of Co2CO3(OH)2@Ni foam for effective ciprofloxacin removal and oil/water separation

•Three-dimensional porous water treatment materials were synthesized to remove soluble antibiotics and insoluble oils from wastewater.•The material can be converted from antibiotics removal mode to oils removal mode by surface performance regulation.•Co2CO3(OH)2@Ni foam-1 showed a high CIP removal rate (93.59% at pH 7.0) due to the synergistic effect of adsorption-flocculation.•Co2CO3(OH)2@Ni foam-2 exhibited high separation efficiencies above 93.5% for a series of oil/water mixtures.