The effects of a group-based intervention through physical activities and dietary changes in young patients with severe psychiatric disorders: a pilot study

Background and objectives: The present study aims to investigate the effect of the 4-F (Fit, Fun, Feel, and Food) group-based program on physical, clinical, and biological outcomes in young patients suffering from severe psychiatric disorders. Methods: A pilot study with a naturalistic design was conducted to investigate the effect of a group-based intervention on young patients. Results: A descriptive analysis revealed that out of the 61 outpatients initially enrolled in the program, with a mean age of 26.9 years old (+/- 6.1, 60% men), 71% were overweight or obese. Paired T-tests for the difference between T0 and T1 were used to evaluate the evolution of the outcomes. The 24 patients who completed the full program showed no significant decrease in weight or body composition. Despite the limitations, the main findings of this study were the significant improvement in muscular endurance and coordination (from T0 (M= 13.65, SD = +/- 1.93) compared to T1 (M= 12.49, SD = +/- 1.81), [t(20) = 3.072, p < 0.05] and the general increase in mental well-being from baseline to the end of the program according to the type of psychopathology [F(3,10) = 4.25, p <.05]. A slight modification in eating behavior, with a tendency towards a decrease in TFEQ hunger levels, was also noticed. The ANCOVA showed no difference in outcomes between the groups based on diagnosis. Conclusion: Despite its limitations and the small sample size, this pilot study provides valuable insights, demonstrating the feasibility of the program and its positive impact on physical well-being and improved mental health in young patients with psychiatric disorders, sedentary behavior, and unhealthy lifestyles. These encouraging results warrant further research in controlled, larger population samples to deepen our understanding of the potential effects of such interventions.