Measurement and Uncertainty Analysis of Lunar Soil Water Content via Heating Flux Method

According to the big impact hypothesis, the moon should be very dry. However, more and more evidence from the remote sensing of the moon in recent years indicates that there is a lot of water in the moon's polar regions. Researching the source and distribution of volatiles such as water can provide a key constraint on the formation and evolution of the moon. If there is a large amount of a volatile such as water ice in the polar area of the moon, it can be used as a further resource. Regrettably, there are no detectors in place to detect the amount and presence of water to date. In the new wave of lunar exploration, polar water has become one of the main tasks of NASA, ESA and RKA. The Chang'e-7 spacecraft of China's fourth lunar exploration phase has also used the Water Molecular Analyzer and the Lunar Soil Volatile Measuring Instrument to detect water content in the lunar polar region. This paper introduces a set of methods and principles for analyzing water content via the heat flux method according to the characteristics of the Lunar Soil Volatile Measuring Instrument that was deployed on the lunar surface. According to the current design, the water content of 0.008 similar to 0.17% can be analyzed.