Reflectometry analysis for skin cancer detection using a new millimeter-wave sensor in sub-THz range

A new microwave sensor is proposed in this study for skin cancer identification. The Co-Planar Waveguide fed sensor is designed on the low-cost Roger substrate with the overall size of (15 × 20 mm 2 ). The sensor is operated in millimeter waves range (0.03–0.1 THz). The skin carcinoma is easily monitored by the sensor, due to good penetration strength of the electromagnetic waves in this frequency range. The sensor performance is verified in terms of the reflection parameters, gain, and directivity. Further, Normal and malignant models of the hand and scalp are developed using Computer Simulation Tool. In order to reflectometry analysis, the sensor is interacted with these skin models. The magnitude and phase angle of the reflection coefficient are evaluated for both normal and malignant case. Sensitivity of the sensor is calculated from these results for hand and scalp models. The sensor sensitivity for hand and scalp models are (60.92%, 69% and 45.1%) and (67.26% and 92.33%) respectively. In the presence of the dielectric contrast between normal and malignant skin, malignancy is easily identified. The SAR analysis of the normal and malignant scalp is also performed. Maximum result of the SAR for normal skin is 196 W/Kg and the malignant skin has maximum SAR of 191 W/Kg. Wide Operating bandwidth (0.03–0.1 THz) stable peak gain more than 7.5 dBi better directivity (more than 8 dBi) are most favorable for early-stage diagnosis of the skin cancer.