Analysis of the mechanism of iron-enhanced Anammox characteristics and nitrogen removal performance: a review

Anammox is an important implementation of a new process, iron assisted Anammox is a highly practical method. This review focused on sludge characteristics and activity changes of iron atoms with different valences during operation process and interpreted the macroscopic performance of the reaction system. It combined inhibition and recovery kinetics and analysed the denitrification performance to understand the inhibition and recovery potential of iron substances for Anammox bacteria. The migration and transformation of nitrogen sources and the abundance and diversity of the functional microbial genes revealed that Anammox dominated the reaction process, and it was supplemented by Feammox and autotrophic denitrification. While fermentation and heterotrophic bacteria worked together to achieve stable denitrification, combining stable isotope probes and tracer technology could help in understanding the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the denitrification pathway. Understanding the denitrification mechanism in the Fe-N cycle process provided the reference for the application of practical projects.