The variability and influence of precipitation on the winter wheat in the extra-carpathian area of the meridional and curvature carpathians (romania)

The annual variability of the climatic factors is reflected in the variability of the agricultural yields from one year to another and the analysis of the impact of climate variability on agricultural crops can facilitate the adoption of measures to prevent, mitigate or combat the damage it causes to agriculture. The main objective of this study is to analyze the precipitation regime for the Extra -Carpathian area of the Meridional and Curvature Carpathians, in relation to the optimal water precipitation requirement of the winter wheat. The analysis of precipitation variability will be based on the monthly precipitation amounts from 19 meteorological stations (M.S.) belonging to the National Meteorological Administration, for the period 1991 - 2020. The methods used are logical, spatial and comparative analyses of the climate and production data, literature research and GIS techniques. The annual precipitation amounts, for the analyzed period, have recorded values ranging from 727.7 mm atRamnicu Valcea M.S. to 240.5 mm at Sulina M.S.As it concerns the winter wheat crop productivity, the values of the yields varied from 1,429kg/ha to 4,888 kg/ha in the study area. The conditions closer to or further away from optimum requirements and thus, a variability of harvests from a year to another are provided by the great variability of precipitation along with other climatic factors which influence the growth and development of winter wheat. As a result, the precipitation regime is a determining factor for the entire plant physiology.