Geniohyoid Muscle: Anatomy and Clinical Implications in Dentistry

The geniohyoid muscle is one of the suprahyoid muslces, and arises from the inferior mental spine and inserts into the hyoid bone. The muscle is a narrow paired one and its main action is pulling the hyoid upward and forward. Its function is very important in deglutition as well as respiration. Therefore, this muscle has been extensively researched, especially in the context of dysphagia and sleep apnea. This review deals with the general anatomic features, main functions, and abnormal states of the geniohyoid muscle, and the clinical implications of these.