'mh-21,' a novel high-yielding and rusts resistant bread wheat variety for irrigated areas of punjab, pakistan

Developing high-yielding wheat varieties tolerant to abiotic and biotic stresses is a challenge wheat breeder currently face. Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan, has released 65 wheat varieties, including MH-21, for several zones since its establishment in 1906. MH-21, with the varietal code V-12304, gave 11.2% and 10.28% more grain yield than the check variety (Faisalabad-08), respectively, in preliminary (2011-2012) and regular yield trials (2012-2013). Then, testing it in outstation yield trials proceeded over 21 locations in Punjab province (2013-2014) and 18 locations all over Pakistan (2014-2015, 2017- 2018, and 2019-2020) for yield and disease constancy, simultaneous with agronomic field trials and quality lab testing during 2014-2018 and 2014-2016, respectively. It exhibited an amber seed color, semi-erect growth habit at booting, erect flag leaf attitude, hairiness auricle, awned yellowish ear, and elevated shoulder and beak shape of glumes traits. DNA fingerprinting of MH-21 ensued to compare its genetic background with previously registered 21 wheat varieties. Given the promising stable performance in multi-locations over the years for better grain yield, nutritional quality, and resistance against rusts, the Punjab Seed Council approved V12304 in 2021 with the name,MH-21. for general cultivation in irrigated areas of Punjab, Pakistan.