Porous framework materials for stable Zn anodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted widespread research attention because of their safety, cost-effectiveness, and high theoretical capacity; however, challenges related to Zn anodes, such as corrosion in aqueous electrolytes and dendrite growth, impede their practical applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been extensively investigated for stable Zn anodes due to their designable porous structure and tunable surface properties, resulting in substantial advancements. This review provides an overview of the research efforts on MOFs/COFs employed in Zn anodes of ZIBs, including an explanation of the basic concept and existing problems associated with Zn anodes, and a summary of MOF/COF-based materials addressing these challenges. Particular emphasis is placed on establishing the relationship between the MOF/COF structure and their electrochemical performance in ZIBs. Finally, challenges and perspectives with MOF/COF-based materials for future aqueous zinc ion energy storage equipment are put forward. Overall, this review aims to guide the synthesis of suitable MOF/COF-based materials to improve the stability of the Zn anode for ZIBs.