BeSleep: Blockchain-enabled distributed sleeping strategies of small base stations in ultra dense networks

Small cell networks can fulfill the increasing demandfor the high data rate of wireless applications. Energy efficiency is an important design parameter of the ultra dense small cell network (UDSCN). The sleeping strategy of small base stations (s-BSs) is used to enhance the network's energy efficiency. An efficient sleeping strategy of s-BSs is required while preserving users' quality of service (QoS). The idle s-BSs can be switched to sleep mode. This paper proposes a blockchain-enabled solution for the sleeping strategy of s-BSs. Here, a blockchain-enabled small cell network is created between the s-BSs. The network is decentralized, which eliminates the workload of the macro base station (MBS). The proposed network architecture is enabled as a decentralized network through blockchain. The blockchain provides distributed control over the s-BS operations through a smart contract. Here, smart contracts act as distributed self organizing network features to handle self-transactions among small cells for switching off s-BSs in the network. All the software logic required to perform s-BS operations is written in a smart contract using Ethereum. The proposed solution improves energy efficiency and enables the ultra dense small cell network to be decentralized.