Numerical Dosimetry for Human Tissues in Presence of Wireless 5G Millimeter-Wave Devices Using an Equivalent Surface Impedance Boundary Condition Model

In lossy dielectrics (e.g., human tissues) the skin effect plays a major role in Electromagnetic (EM) waves propagation as frequencies increase. This skin effect indicates that EM-waves decay exponentially as they penetrate good conductors, and they practically vanish as they traverse a distance of few skin depths. Moreover, in such media, the effective EM-waves' wavelengths become very short, leading to a big increase in their electric size. Consequently, huge number of cells is necessary to represent such problem (e.g., numerical dosimetry). This article investigates the use of an equivalent Surface Impedance Boundary Condition (SIBC) to replace the 3D lossy dielectric object. This SIBC envelope excludes its interior from the computational domain, thus, one can use larger mesh sizes (e.g., one tenth of free-space wavelength). This leads to an enormous computational gain as compared to 3D discretization of the lossy dielectric and offers the capability for simulating large computational problems.