Investigating the influence of vinylene carbonate concentrations on battery stability: role of electrode/electrolyte interfaces

This study investigates the crucial role of electrode/electrolyte interfaces in battery stability in the presence of various concentrations of vinylene carbonate (VC) (0 wt%, 3.0 wt%, 5.0 wt%, and 7.0 wt%) in the standard electrolyte of 1 M NaPF 6 /EC:DEC (1:1). To reduce the restacking factor, MoS 2 nanomaterial has been combined with multilayer graphene to act as a cathode and trap Na 2 S through an in situ electrochemical process. The performance of the electrodes at high rates depends on electron/ion transport, which is monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. From the first cycle to the 1000 th cycle of charging/discharging at the oxidation state of Na-ion battery cells, low and consistent charge transfer resistance (R ct ) formations are detected. However, the investigation shows that without VC, the resistance increases significantly, and the specific capacity decreases. The observed results indicate that VC concentrations of 3 wt% and 5 wt% produce a constant and low R ct and a constant specific capacity. Moreover, lower concentrations of VC produce better results than higher concentrations.