Experimental investigation of biostimulatory effects after polydioxanone thread insertion in a pig model

BackgroundPolydioxanone (PDO) threads have been widely used to tighten and lift the facial soft tissue.ObjectiveThis research aims to determine the collagenation and inflammation changes that occur in the adipose tissue over time when different types of threads are implanted.Methods & MaterialsThree threads types, PDO, poly glycolic-co-lactic acid (PGLA), and nylon, were inserted in the subcutaneous fat of 12-month-old Bama miniature pigs. Collagen production and inflammatory response were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining at 1, 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks.ResultsThe integrity of the PDO thread lasted up to 24 weeks with mild inflammation and collagen production. The PGLA thread integrity lasted until 12 weeks and had a strong inflammatory response. The nylon thread's integrity was maintained for 48 weeks and showed minor inflammation and collagen production.ConclusionOur data suggest that PDO thread is the best choice for clinicians, as it has a mild action process with minimal irritation, moderate collagen production, a reasonable explanation time, with obvious bridging fibrous tissue, and thickening action for the superficial fascia.