Clinical features and surgical selection in colitis-associated colorectal cancer with ulcerative colitis

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients who underwent surgery for cancer/dysplasia with those who underwent surgery for refractory disease and to discuss the preoperative preparation for successful hand-sewn IPAA. Methods Patients who underwent surgery for UC between January 2014 and December 2021 at Hyogo Medical University were included in the study. A total of 443 UC surgical cases were included in the study, which comprised 188 cancer/dysplasia patients and 255 refractory patients. Clinical records were compared retrospectively. Results The proportion of surgical UC cases with cancer/dysplasia has been on the rise, accounting for approximately 40% in recent years. The duration of disease (months) was 186 (2–590) in the cancer/dysplasia group and 48 (1–580) in the refractory group ( p = 0.02). UC severity (mild/moderate/severe) was 119/69/0 in the cancer/dysplasia group and 18/157/80 in the refractory group ( p < 0.01). The four nutrition factors of weight (55.2 (32.7–99.6) kg: 49.9 (20.3–85.2) kg), body mass index (21.0 (13.9–32.5) kg/m2: 18.3 (11.4–34.1)kg/m2), serum albumin level (4.3 (2.7–5.0)g/dl: 3.4 (1.4–5.2)g/dl) and prognostic nutrition index (49.2 (33.2–61.2): 40.9 (17.4–61.1)) were significantly higher in the cancer/dysplasia group ( p < 0.01). The degree of obesity was also significantly higher in the cancer/dysplasia group ( p < 0.01). Conclusion UC patients with cancer/dysplasia were more likely than refractory patients to have mild inflammation; they also had a longer duration of UC disease and better nutritional status.