Macrophomina phaseolina causing various diseases in different crops

Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil-borne plant pathogen that is highly destructive in nature. It has a vast majority of hosts (more than 500 plant species) including both naturally growing and cultivated crops. In addition, it is also an opportunistic human pathogen also. It causes different types of diseases in plants. Mostly, it causes dry root rot or charcoal rot in many economically important plant species such as mungbean, mash bean, soybean, chickpea, cotton, sunflower, maize, strawberry, and many others. In addition, it also causes damping-off, stem blight, leaf blight, and pod rot in some susceptible plant species. It is difficult to control because of production of sclerotia. So far, no registered fungicide is available for its complete control.