Case Studies: Tapi and Daman Ganga River Basins in Gujarat

Industrial estates of Ankleshwar, Nandesari, and Vapi in Gujarat host textile, dye, rubber, pesticide, paint, paper-and-pulp, pharmaceuticals, and chemical companies. Sludge and solid waste are dumped indiscriminately on open ground/roadside that carries mixed effluent to rivers and common effluent treatment plants. The industrial districts in the golden corridor (Ahmedabad to Valsad) are major waste producers. . This chapter summarizes research studies on POPs in different matrices in Ahmedabad (human blood, liver, brain, muscle, and milk samples). In the Tapi region, endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, and methyl parathion were found in surface water (37.56 mg/L, 0.86 mg/L, and 0.43 mg/L, respectively). Endosulfan, DDT, and methyl parathion in sediment samples, and endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, and methyl parathion were detected in fish samples. In the Daman Ganga region, organochlorine compounds were detected in treated/untreated water samples. Seventeen organohalogen compounds were found in sediment samples. Volatile Organic Compounds were found in groundwater/surface water samples of critically polluted areas of Ankleshwar and Vapi. There is a wide data gap on the inventories and concentration levels of the newly identified (seven) POPs of India. Hence, this book provides a repository of information and the current scenario of these POPs at the national/global levels.