Room-Temperature Solvent Evaporation Induced Crystallization: A General Strategy for Growth of Halide Perovskite Single Crystals by Applying the Le Chatelier's Principle

The growth of high-quality halide perovskite single crystals is imperative to study their intrinsic physical properties and to realize high-performance optoelectronic devices. Here, a room-temperature solvent evaporation-induced crystallization (RTSEIC) method is reported based on Le Chatelier's principle, which provides a general strategy to grow halide perovskite single crystals including 3D, 2D, 1D, and 0D, and either hybrid or all-inorganic halide perovskites. Taking 2D n-BA(2)PbBr(4) (n-BA = butylammonium) as an example, the room-temperature crystallization kinetics is demonstrated. The centimeter-sized n-BA(2)PbBr(4 )single crystals exhibit an extremely small full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.024(degrees) in (0 0 2) plane rocking curve and a small trap density of 2.74 x 10(10 )cm(-3). The superior crystalline quality endows the n-BA(2)PbBr(4) single crystal ultraviolet photodetectors with recorded performance among reported n-BA(2)PbBr(4) ultraviolet photodetectors, demonstrating a detectivity reaching 1.8 x 10(13) Jones, a fast response time of 55 mu s and a high on-off ratio of 10(4). The low-cost, simple, general, and efficient RTSEIC method is anticipated to promote the blossoming of halide perovskites single crystals.