Protein Conjugated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Vaccine Delivery Systems

A novel class of nanomaterials as subunit nano vaccines has shown great potential for delivering antigens to the target in a safe and effective manner. Herein, functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) surfaces with conjugated a malaria protein (vaccine) and carboxyl groups have a comparatively high capacity to bind protein. SPIONs were synthesized using the chemical coprecipitation process, then coated with either 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or with PEG plus APTS and characterized using DSL-zeta potential, VSM, TG and SEM. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE was used to measure the amount of protein specifically attached to particles. The idea behind this project is that by gradually and continuously releasing the antigen, it could trigger and sustain a strong immune response over an extended period. The results showed that functionalized SPIONs conjugated to the PyMSP1 19 antigen might be exploited for the antigen’s controlled release and could be applied to various types of antigens in the future. The current study results demonstrated the effectiveness of SPIONS-based antigen vaccination systems for eliciting antibody responses that may be suitable for a variety of illnesses not just malaria. Graphical Abstract