ARPES studies of the band structures of topological insulators

The discovery of topological materials, defined by topological invariants, has revolutionized condensed matter physics and materials science. The robustness of the topological surface states, backscattering suppression, and novel transport behavior of these materials have potential applications in several fields, including spintronics, nonlinear optics, and topological quantum computation. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) can provide the k space directly and is sensitive to surface electronic states, thus playing an essential role in the study of topological materials. This review summarizes selected ARPES studies of three-dimensional and intrinsic magnetic topological insulators in terms of material classification to provide the current research status in this field.