A short introduction to synchrotron radiation-based angle- resolved photoemission spectroscopy endstations in China

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) plays an important role in studying the band structure, Fermi surface, and gap of solid materials because of its advantages in directly detecting electron energy and momentum. In recent years, China's ARPES technology has advanced rapidly by following international standards. Collaboration with the first-, second-, and third-generation synchrotron radiation facilities has contributed to many major breakthroughs in condensed matter physics and spintronics. This paper briefly introduces the main ARPES beamline stations based on synchrotron radiation in China from the technical characteristics and main achievements, including the Hefei Light Source ARPES beamline station, the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility "Dream Line", BL03U, BL07U-Nano ARPES, and BL07U-spin-resolved ARPES beamline stations. Simultaneously, it anticipates the future ARPES beamline stations based on the Hefei Advanced Light Source. These experimental stations will provide critical and irreplaceable technical support in the exploration and control of new quantum materials, the research of micro and nanoscale prototype devices, and so on.