Systems for selective stimulation of retinal pathways

In this paper, we present a review of the most common current technologies to selectively stimulate retinal pathways used in visual function studies. We develop in detail the method to achieve selective stimulation of retinal pathways, its implementation in multiprimary photostimulators, the optical systems for the evaluation of the retinal response, and some of its most common applications are addressed. Finally, the technological limitations that these systems currently present are analyzed and some aspects of the calibrations used to guarantee the reliability of the data obtained with these stimulation systems are mentioned.