SURFACE DEFECTS AND pH EFFECTS ON ADSORPTION AND CATALYSIS OF CO ELECTRO-OXIDATION ON MODEL PLATINUM SURFACES

Platinum is one of the well-known catalytic materials for which the electro-oxidation of carbon monoxide better behaves as a sensitive reaction to the catalyst surface structure. For the electro-catalytic reactions that behave like this, the rate (faradaic current density) is the result of the sum of the activity of the different active sites working with very different efficiencies or abilities. In this scenario, different atomic arrangements on the catalyst surface are expected to play different roles in surface-catalyzed reactions. In this article, the functionalities that surface defects (steps) can play in the adsorption and electrocatalytic oxidation of CO on model platinum surfaces are reviewed. Surface defects are indirectly related to the up catalysis as well as to the inhibition of reaction pathways of CO electro-oxidation under very particular conditions; these surface entities are also indirectly related to restrictions for the mobility of adsorbed CO on the (111) terraced surfaces. We analyze the selective activation and deactivation of surface sites by the pH effect, and typical catalytic properties of extended surfaces and shaped-controlled nanoparticles have been discussed thoroughly. We present a model of most active sites involved in the pathways of CO2 formation from the electro-oxidation of adsorbed CO.