Nano Hydroxyapatite (Nano-HA) Based on Pholas Orientalis Shells and Degradation Analysis

Millions of tons of seashells are produced every day as waste around the world. These underutilized seashells waste was executed as calcium precursor by researcher to synthesis the nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA). Nano-HA was successfully synthesised from Pholas Orientalis seashells waste via the chemical precipitation method. Different sintering temperatures were implemented to evaluate the physicochemical criteria of nano-HA. The obtained powders were examined by various physicochemical methods such as XRD, FTIR, FESEM, EDX and degradation analysis. The peaks in XRD and FTIR analysis the HA is successfully produced. The FESEM images on the other hand showing the HA particle in nano size range with rice-like structure. Meanwhile, a variation of Ca/P ratio can be observed in respect to sintering temperatures. The Ca/P ratio for HA-WS, HA-S500 and HA-S700 sample is 1.78, 2.03 and 1.57 respectively. Different sintering temperatures result in different crystallinity value which consequently affects its degradation profile.