Application of energy storage technologies on energy management of microgrids

A microgrid (MG) is a localized group of electricity loads and distributed energy resources (DERs). The DERs consist of the renewable energy resources, in which the wind farm and solar technologies have gained increasing interest and growth in the recent years. The renewable energy sources (RESs) such as wind and solar ones have the variable output power because of their stochastic nature. So, the energy storage systems (ESSs) have been investigated as achievable solution to solve the output power fluctuation of RESs. This chapter studies the different types of energy storage device technologies considering characteristics and operation constraints for MG use. The technologies of ESSs have the important role on the application of ESSs for MG use. The battery energy storage has a poor life cycle and influences the MG future development. The main characteristics of ESS technologies are the important things in the future development of MG. The ESSs are used as peak shaving, renewable energy systems integration, spinning reserve, load following, frequency regulation and black start in the MG application.