Impact of Pollution by Microplastic on Soil, Soil Microbes and Plants and Its Remediation by The Biochar: A review

Microplastic pollution is one of the major environmental problems that have recently increased. Some researchers consider it the second largest global environmental problem, and some describe it as we live in a world full of plastic. Microplastic pollution has many negative effects on terrestrial and marine organisms and various environmental elements, and the problem gets worse when microplastics and its degradation derivativesare transferred to food chains and then to humans, which negatively affects their health. This problem has been widely addressed in aquatic and marine ecosystems, but there is still a gap of knowledge in studying the impact of microplastic on soil, soil microbes(largely responsible for its fertility), and plants). Therefore, this review aims to highlight this. Also, it aims to focus on the treatment methods and the potential effect of biochar (because of its unique properties) on the treatment of microplastic pollution. Hence, this review could contribute to reducing the scientific gap on the effects of microplastics on terrestrial ecosystems.