Evaluation of lung protection of Sanghuangporus sanghuang through TLR4/NF-B/MAPK, keap1/Nrf2/HO-1, CaMKK/AMPK/Sirt1, and TGF-/SMAD3 signaling pathways mediating apoptosis and autophagy
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY(2023)
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a type of interstitial pneumonia characterized by chronic and progressive fibrosis with an unknown etiology. Previous pharmacological studies have shown that Sanghuangporus sanghuang possesses various beneficial properties including immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. This study used a bleomycin (BLM)-induced IPF mouse model to illustrate the possible benefits of SS in ameliorating IPF. BLM was administered on day 1 to establish a pulmonary fibrosis mouse model, and SS was administered through oral gavage for 21 d. Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) and Masson's trichrome staining results showed that SS significantly reduced tissue damage and decreased fibrosis expression. We observed that SS treatment resulted in a substantial lowering in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TGF-& beta;, TNF-& alpha;, IL-1 & beta;, and IL-6 as well as MPO. In addition, we observed a notable increase in glutathione (GSH) levels. Western blot analysis of SS showed that it reduces inflammatory factors (TWEAK, iNOS, and COX-2), MAPK (JNK, p-ERK, and p-38), fibrosis-related molecules (TGF-& beta;, SMAD3, fibronectin, collagen, & alpha;-SMA, MMP2, and MMP9), apoptosis (p53, p21, and Bax), and autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3A/B-I/II, and p62), and notably increases caspase 3, Bcl-2, and antioxidant (Catalase, GPx3, and SOD-1) levels. SS alleviates IPF by regulating the TLR4/NF-& kappa;B/MAPK, Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1, CaMKK/AMPK/Sirt1, and TGF-& beta;/SMAD3 pathways. These results suggest that SS has a pharmacological activity that protects the lungs and has the potential to improve pulmonary fibrosis.
MoreTranslated text
Key words
Sanghuangporus sanghuang,Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,Anti-inflammation,Oxidative stress,Apoptosis,Autophagy
AI Read Science
Must-Reading Tree
Example
![](https://originalfileserver.aminer.cn/sys/aminer/pubs/mrt_preview.jpeg)
Generate MRT to find the research sequence of this paper
Chat Paper
Summary is being generated by the instructions you defined