Low-pT direct-photon production in Au plus Au collisions at sNN=39 and 62.4 GeV

N. J. Abdulameer,U. Acharya,A. Adare,C. Aidala,N. N. Ajitanand,Y. Akiba,R. Akimoto,H. Al-Ta'ani,J. Alexander,M. Alfred,A. Angerami,K. Aoki,N. Apadula,Y. Aramaki,H. Asano,E. C. Aschenauer,E. T. Atomssa,T. C. Awes,B. Azmoun,V. Babintsev,M. Bai,B. Bannier,K. N. Barish,B. Bassalleck,S. Bathe,V. Baublis,S. Baumgart,A. Bazilevsky,R. Belmont,A. Berdnikov,Y. Berdnikov,L. Bichon,B. Blankenship,D. S. Blau,J. S. Bok,V. Borisov,K. Boyle,M. L. Brooks,H. Buesching,V. Bumazhnov,S. Butsyk,S. Campbell,V. Canoa Roman,P. Castera,C. -H. Chen,M. Chiu,C. Y. Chi,I. J. Choi,J. B. Choi,S. Choi,R. K. Choudhury,P. Christiansen,T. Chujo,O. Chvala,V. Cianciolo,Z. Citron,B. A. Cole,M. Connors,R. Corliss,Y. Corrales Morales,M. Csanad,T. Csoergo,L. D'Orazio,S. Dairaku,A. Datta,M. S. Daugherity,G. David,C. T. Dean,A. Denisov,A. Deshpande,E. J. Desmond,K. V. Dharmawardane,O. Dietzsch,L. Ding,A. Dion,M. Donadelli,V. Doomra,O. Drapier,A. Drees,K. A. Drees,J. M. Durham,A. Durum,S. Edwards,Y. V. Efremenko,T. Engelmore,A. Enokizono,R. Esha,K. O. Eyser,B. Fadem,W. Fan,D. E. Fields,M. Finger,M. Finger,D. Firak,D. Fitzgerald,F. Fleuret,S. L. Fokin,J. E. Frantz,A. Franz,A. D. Frawley,Y. Fukao,T. Fusayasu,K. Gainey,C. Gal,A. Garishvili,I. Garishvili,M. Giles,A. Glenn,X. Gong,M. Gonin,Y. Goto,R. Granier de Cassagnac,N. Grau,V. S. Greene,M. Grosse Perdekamp,T. Gunji,L. Guo,H. -A. Gustafsson,T. Hachiya,J. S. Haggerty,K. I. Hahn,H. Hamagaki,J. Hanks,M. Harvey,S. Hasegawa,K. Hashimoto,E. Haslum,R. Hayano,T. K. Hemmick,T. Hester,X. He,J. C. Hill,A. Hodges,R. S. Hollis,K. Homma,B. Hong,T. Horaguchi,Y. Hori,J. Huang,T. Ichihara,H. Iinuma,Y. Ikeda,J. Imrek,M. Inaba,A. Iordanova,D. Isenhower,M. Issah,D. Ivanishchev,B. V. Jacak,M. Javani,X. Jiang,Z. Ji,B. M. Johnson,K. S. Joo,D. Jouan,D. S. Jumper,J. Kamin,S. Kaneti,B. H. Kang,J. H. Kang,J. S. Kang,J. Kapustinsky,K. Karatsu,M. Kasai,D. Kawall,V. A. Kazantsev,T. Kempel,V. Khachatryan,A. Khanzadeev,A. Khatiwada,K. M. Kijima,B. I. Kim,C. Kim,D. J. Kim,E. -J. Kim,H. J. Kim,K. -B. Kim,T. Kim,Y. -J. Kim,Y. K. Kim,D. Kincses,A. Kingan,E. Kinney,A. Kiss,E. Kistenev,J. Klatsky,D. Kleinjan,P. Kline,Y. Komatsu,B. Komkov,J. Koster,D. Kotchetkov,D. Kotov,L. Kovacs,F. Krizek,A. Kral,G. J. Kunde,B. Kurgyis,K. Kurita,M. Kurosawa,Y. Kwon,G. S. Kyle,Y. S. Lai,J. G. Lajoie,D. Larionova,A. Lebedev,B. Lee,D. M. Lee,J. Lee,K. B. Lee,K. S. Lee,S. H. Lee,S. R. Lee,M. J. Leitch,M. A. L. Leite,M. Leitgab,B. Lewis,N. A. Lewis,S. H. Lim,L. A. Linden Levy,M. X. Liu,X. Li,D. A. Loomis,B. Love, S. Loekoes,C. F. Maguire,T. Majoros,Y. I. Makdisi,M. Makek,A. Manion,V. I. Manko,E. Mannel,S. Masumoto,M. McCumber,P. L. McGaughey,D. McGlinchey,C. McKinney,M. Mendoza,B. Meredith,Y. Miake,T. Mibe,A. C. Mignerey,A. Milov,D. K. Mishra,J. T. Mitchell,M. Mitrankova,Iu. Mitrankov,Y. Miyachi,S. Miyasaka,A. K. Mohanty,S. Mohapatra,M. M. Mondal,H. J. Moon,T. Moon,D. P. Morrison,S. Motschwiller,T. V. Moukhanova,A. Muhammad,B. Mulilo,T. Murakami,J. Murata,A. Mwai,T. Nagae,S. Nagamiya,J. L. Nagle,M. I. Nagy,I. Nakagawa,Y. Nakamiya,K. R. Nakamura,T. Nakamura,K. Nakano,C. Nattrass,A. Nederlof,S. Nelson,M. Nihashi,R. Nouicer,T. Novak,N. Novitzky,G. Nukazuka,A. S. Nyanin,E. O'Brien,C. A. Ogilvie,J. Oh,K. Okada,M. Orosz,J. D. Osborn,A. Oskarsson,M. Ouchida,K. Ozawa,R. Pak,V. Pantuev,V. Papavassiliou,B. H. Park,I. H. Park,J. S. Park,S. Park,S. K. Park,L. Patel,M. Patel,S. F. Pate,H. Pei,J. -C. Peng,W. Peng,H. Pereira,D. V. Perepelitsa,D. Yu Peressounko,C. E. PerezLara,R. Petti,C. Pinkenburg,R. P. Pisani,M. Potekhin,M. Proissl,A. Pun,M. L. Purschke,H. Qu,P. V. Radzevich,J. Rak,N. Ramasubramanian,I. Ravinovich,K. F. Read,D. Reynolds,V. Riabov,Y. Riabov,E. Richardson,D. Richford,D. Roach,G. Roche,S. D. Rolnick,M. Rosati,J. Runchey,B. Sahlmueller,N. Saito,T. Sakaguchi,H. Sako,V. Samsonov,M. Sano,M. Sarsour,S. Sato,S. Sawada,K. Sedgwick,R. Seidl,A. Sen,R. Seto,D. Sharma,I. Shein,Z. Shi,M. Shibata,T. -A. Shibata,K. Shigaki,M. Shimomura,K. Shoji,P. Shukla,A. Sickles,C. L. Silva,D. Silvermyr,K. S. Sim,B. K. Singh,C. P. Singh,V. Singh,M. Slunecka,K. L. Smith,R. A. Soltz,W. E. Sondheim,S. P. Sorensen,I. V. Sourikova,P. W. Stankus,E. Stenlund,M. Stepanov,A. Ster,S. P. Stoll,T. Sugitate,A. Sukhanov,J. Sun,Z. Sun,J. Sziklai,E. M. Takagui,R. Takahama,A. Takahara,A. Taketani,Y. Tanaka,S. Taneja,K. Tanida,M. J. Tannenbaum,S. Tarafdar,A. Taranenko,E. Tennant,H. Themann,T. Todoroki,L. Tomasek,M. Tomasek,H. Torii,R. S. Towell,I. Tserruya,Y. Tsuchimoto,T. Tsuji,Y. Ueda,B. Ujvari,C. Vale,H. W. Van Hecke,M. Vargyas,E. Vazquez-Zambrano,A. Veicht,R. Vertesi,J. Velkovska,M. Virius,A. Vossen,V. Vrba,E. Vznuzdaev,X. R. Wang,Z. Wang,D. Watanabe,K. Watanabe,Y. Watanabe,Y. S. Watanabe,F. Wei,R. Wei,S. N. White,D. Winter,S. Wolin,C. P. Wong,C. L. Woody,M. Wysocki,B. Xia,Y. L. Yamaguchi,R. Yang,A. Yanovich,J. Ying,S. Yokkaichi,I. Younus,Z. You,I. E. Yushmanov,W. A. Zajc,A. Zelenski,L. Zou

PHYSICAL REVIEW C（2023）

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Abstract

The measurement of direct photons from Au + Au collisions at ,/sNN = 39 and 62.4 GeV in the transverse-momentum range 0.4 < pT < 3 Gev/c is presented by the PHENIX collaboration at the BNLRelativistic Heavy Ion Collider. A significant direct-photon yield is observed in both collision systems. A universal scaling is observed when the direct-photon pT spectra for different center-of-mass energies and for different centrality selections at ,/sNN = 62.4 GeV is scaled with (dNch/d eta)alpha for alpha = 1.21 +/- 0.04. This scaling also holds true for direct-photon spectra from Au + Au collisions at ,/sNN = 200 GeV measured earlier by PHENIX, as well as the spectra from Pb + Pb at ,/sNN = 2760 GeV published by ALICE. The scaling power alpha seems to be independent of pT, center of mass energy, and collision centrality. The spectra from different collision energies have a similar shape up to pT of 2 Gev/c. The spectra have a local inverse slope Teff increasing with pT of 0.174 +/- 0.018 Gev/c in the range 0.4 < pT < 1.3 Gev/c and increasing to 0.289 +/- 0.024 Gev/c for 0.9 < pT < 2.1 Gev/c. The observed similarity of low-pT direct-photon production from ,/sNN = 39 to 2760 GeV suggests a common source of direct photons for the different collision energies and event centrality selections, and suggests a comparable space-time evolution of direct-photon emission.

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