Enterobacter hormaechei-Driven Novel Biosynthesis of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Anti-aging, Cytotoxic, and Enzyme Inhibition Potential

Nanotechnology isa research hotspot that has gained considerableinterest due to its potential inferences in the bioscience, medical,and engineering disciplines. The present study uses biomass from the Enterobacter hormaechei EAF63 strain to create bio-inspiredmetallic tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs). The biosynthesizedNPs were extensively analyzed using UV spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-rayspectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques.The identification of the crystalline phase was confirmed by XRD.The SEM technique elucidated the morphological characteristics andsize of SnO2 NPs. SEM investigation revealed that the SnO2 NPs have a size of 10 nm with spherical morphology. The cappingof NPs was confirmed by FTIR analysis that revealed the presence ofdifferent compounds found in the biomass of the E.hormaechei EAF63 strain. Later, EDX confirmed theelemental composition of NPs. Moreover, the synthesized SnO2 NPs were employed for important applications including anti-aging,anti-Alzheimer's, anti-inflammatory, anti-larvicidal, and antibacterialaction against sinusitis pathogens. The highest value was observedfor Streptococcus pyogenes (19.75 & PLUSMN;0.46), followed by Moraxella catarrhalis (17.49 & PLUSMN; 0.82) and Haemophilus influenzae (15.31 & PLUSMN; 0.73), respectively. Among the used concentrations,the highest inhibition of 76.8 & PLUSMN; 0.93 for 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX)was observed at 400 & mu;g/mL, followed by 67.4 & PLUSMN; 0.91 forcyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). So, as an outcome, E. hormaechei-mediated SnO2 NPs might be considered as the safe andeffective nanoplatforms for multifunctional biological applicationsin the field of nanomedicine.