Ultrasound-guided scalp nerve block in anesthesia of children receiving cranial suture reconstruction

Objective Analgesia is very important for children with craniosynostosis who are undergoing cranial suture reconstruction. This study investigated the effectiveness and safety of an analgesic technique based on scalp nerve block combined with general anesthesia versus general anesthesia alone. Methods This was a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled study. A total of 60 children aged 6-24 months who underwent cranial suture reconstruction were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (general anesthesia combined with scalp nerve block) and Group N (general anesthesia). The hemodynamics were recorded preoperatively, at 5 min after incision and at 1, 6 and 12 h after surgery; the pain was scored at 1, 6 and 12 h after surgery, and blood glucose was detected at 1 h after surgery. Results The mean arterial pressure and heart rate at 5 min after incision and 1 h after surgery in Group N were higher than those in Group A; the blood glucose and FLACC score in Group N were higher than those in Group A; and the number of postoperative analgesic pump presses were also significantly increased in Group N. Conclusion Preoperative scalp nerve block can reduce hemodynamic fluctuation and postoperative pain in children undergoing cranial suture reconstruction for craniosynostosis. Thus, it can be safely and effectively applied in the anesthesia of these children.