Expression Changes of Serum IL-1α,CCL2,and CXCL2 in Patients With Pemphigus

Objective:This study was performed to explore the possible changes of the serum levels of the cytokines including interleukin 1α(IL-1 α),chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1(also known as chemokine[C-C motif]ligand 2[CCL2]),and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2(CXCL2)in patients with pemphigus.Methods:The expression levels of IL-1 α,CCL2,and CXCL2 in the serum of 57 patients with pemphigus PV(including 42 patients in progressive stage and 15 patients in remission stage)and 31 healthy controls were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The indepent-samples t-test was used to compare the two groups.One-way analysis of variance was used for multiple-group comparisons,and the post-hoc least significant difference test was used to detect differences among multiple groups.Results:The serum expression levels of CCL2 and IL-1 a were all significantly higher in the patients in progressive stage than in the controls([2.69±0.23]ng/mL vs.[2.55±0.28]ng/mL,P=0.043;[0.62±0.27]ng/mL vs.[0.48±0.23]ng/mL,P=0.038,respectively).In addition,the serum expression level of CXCL2 was significantly higher in patients in progressive stage than in in the remission stage([61.70±46.38]ng/mL vs.[24.97±18.46]ng/mL,P=0.037).Sex,disease classification,disease severity,treatment,and mucosal involvement had no significant influence on the expression of IL-1 α,CCL2,or CXCL2 in the serum of patients groups and controls(all P＞0.05).Conclusion:IL-1 α,CCL2,and CXCL2 are heavily involved in the occurrence and development of pemphigus and may be related to the activity of the disease.