Biomarkers of Berry Intake: Systematic Review Update

Berriesare rich in (poly)phenols, and these compoundsmay be beneficialto human health. Estimating berry consumption through self-reportedquestionnaires has been challenging due to compliance issues and alack of precision. Estimation via food-derived biomarkers in biofluidswas proposed as a complementary alternative. We aimed to review andupdate the existing evidence on biomarkers of intake for six differenttypes of berries. A systematic literature search was performed toupdate a previous systematic review on PubMed, Web of Science, andScopus from January 2020 until December 2022. Out of 42 papers, only18 studies were eligible. A multimetabolite panel is suggested forblueberry and cranberry intake. Proposed biomarkers for blueberriesinclude hippuric acid and malvidin glycosides. For cranberries, suggestedbiomarkers are glycosides of peonidin and cyanidin together with sulfateand glucuronide conjugates of phenyl-& gamma;-valerolactone derivatives.No new metabolite candidates have been found for raspberries, strawberries,blackcurrants, and blackberries. Further studies are encouraged tovalidate these multimetabolite panels for improving the estimationof berry consumption.