Healthcare resource utilization and costs during first salvage therapy for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia in the United States.

Real-world US healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs during first salvage therapy for relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are described using IBM MarketScan® data (1/1/2007-6/30/2020). Treatments included high- (HIC) and low-intensity chemotherapy (LIC) alone, and gilteritinib, other FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and venetoclax with or without chemotherapy. Patients were diagnosed with R/R AML at ≥18 years of age between 1/1/2017-12/31/2019. Patient monthly all-cause HRU and costs were analyzed using a fixed-effects model. Data from 399 patients were analyzed (HIC,  = 104; LIC,  = 133; gilteritinib,  = 14; other FLT3 TKIs,  = 68; venetoclax,  = 80). Inpatient HRU was generally highest with HIC, whereas outpatient HRU was generally highest with LIC and venetoclax. Total all-cause incremental monthly costs appeared to be highest with HIC ($171,982) and similar for LIC ($60,512), gilteritinib ($47,218), other FLT3 TKIs ($43,218), and venetoclax ($77,566). Results highlight HRU and cost differences for R/R AML during first salvage therapy.