The application of 3D printing in the development of RECIST standard for evaluating tumor efficacy

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, as a novel technical method, can convert conventional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to computer-aided design files and develop a 2D spatial structure into a 3D imaging structure. In recent years, the technology has been widely used in numerous areas, including head and neck surgery, orthopedics, and bio-medicinal research. This article uses examples of 3D printed tumor models to develop Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) standards to evaluate the changes in tumors. RECIST standard is currently recognized as the standard for assessment of chemotherapy. Under the RECIST standard, changes occurring in tumors before and after the surgery, are evaluated. The assessment depends upon a CT evaluation of the changes in the lesions with the largest diameters. In addition, the disease progression and stability of remission is also assessed. Three-dimensional printing technology is more intuitive in the evaluation of changes to human tumors following chemotherapy and targeted therapy. However, a few reports are available.