Coarctation of the Aorta: Modern Paradigms Across the Lifespan

While coarctation of the aorta varies greatly in both severity and age at presentation, all patients are at increased risk of hypertension both before and after repair. Despite advances in knowledge about genetic etiologies, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and optimal repair strategies, patients with repaired coarctation of the aorta remain at increased risk of acquired cardiovascular disease. The aims of this review are to describe the management of coarctation of the aorta at all ages before and after repair, highlight pathophysiologic mechanisms of hypertension, and review long-term follow-up considerations.