Nanopore sequencing technology for clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases where laboratory capacity is meager: A case report

In resource-limited settings, patients are often first presented to clinical settings when seriously ill and access to proper clinical microbial diagnostics is often very limited or non-existing. On February 16th, 2022 we were on a field trip to test a completely field-deployable metagenomics sequencing set-up, that includes DNA purification, sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses using bioinformatics tools installed on a laptop for water samples, just outside Moshi, Tanzania. On our way to the test site, we were contacted by the nearby Machame hospital regarding a child seriously ill with diarrhea and not responding to treatment. Within the same day, we conducted an onsite metagenomics examination of a fecal sample from the child, and Campylobacter jejuni was identified as the causative agent. The treatment was subsequently changed, with almost immediate improvement, and the child was discharged on February 21st.