Performance analysis of BDS-3 vehicle-/ship-/air-borne kinematic SPP/PPP/RTK

This paper comprehensively analyzes the kinematic positioning performance of the third-generation BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) in car-borne, ship-borne, and air-borne scenes. Specifically, this work collects three types kinematic data, i.e., car-borne, ship-borne, and air-borne in three scenes including a real experimental scene, a simulated urban canyon or forest-covered scene, and a simulated regional interference or covered scene. Based on these datasets, the kinematic positioning performance of the BDS-3 interoperable signals of B1C and B2a is systematically analyzed and compared with GPS. The results demonstrate that the BDS-3 has slightly more visible satellites than GPS in the Asia-Pacific test area, and the positioning performance indexes for the B1C and B2a new signals are comparable to GPS in terms of the single point positioning (SPP), precise point positioning (PPP), and real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning.